Mortgage is a simple loan: If you’ve ever said or heard someone say, “A mortgage is a mortgage,” you’re not alone. On the surface, it seems simple: you borrow money to buy a home, pay it back with interest, and that’s that. But here’s the truth — a mortgage isn’t just a loan. It’s a complex financial instrument built on layers of policy, risk analysis, and economics that would make most people’s heads spin.

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